Prevention of injuries in athletes of the national athletics team by kinematic analysis

Abstract

The objective of this study is the kinematic analysis of sports where the execution of the action presents a high degree of difficulty and is carried out in a short time interval. One of the trends raised is that; at the time of sports gestures, the athlete imitates the ideal technique learned; however, modern theories of motor control and its applicability in sports biomechanics have determined that such a perfect pattern does not exist, due to the variability of human movement. On the other hand, biomechanics reviews the importance of variability in gestures and sports training, and proposes a comprehensive model of biomechanical analysis that includes the principles of modern variability. The systematic follow-up to the controls of the execution of the sports technique, allowed to identify the errors that are made and minimize them during the training sessions. For the investigation, the following methods were used: analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive and simulation-modelling. Also direct observation and measurement, in addition to the videographic technique for the analysis of movements. In obtaining the images, a high resolution Nikon camera was used, filming frequency of 60 CxS, processing them with the HUMAN 5.0 software. Technical errors were detected that allowed establishing a training strategy that promotes raising the athlete's technical level and reducing the appearance of injuries. The social impact lies in the contribution to the improvement of sports performance, the reduction of sports injuries and the correction of technical errors at an earlier age.