Morfo-functional analysis of movement of the body segments in odontologists

Abstract

Dentistry is a high-risk profession for the development of musculoskeletal disorders due to the maintenance of postures that generate physical overload for the spine and upper extremities. The identification of occupational risks contributes to the prevention of occupational diseases, as well as to the performance of work with greater efficiency and effectiveness. The aim of this study is to identify the physical training needs required by dental students from their professional tasks and physical stress that cause exhaustion given the position they adopt in their professional activity. A total of 70 undergraduate students were qualitatively assessed, the aspects considered for the study were instrument manipulation, posture, rest intervals and control of breathing in precision actions. All these variables are considered as factors that can significantly influence your physical condition. When performing a descriptive statistical analysis of frequency, it was found that the professional task of the dentist is performed in a sitting posture (82.9%), (17.1%) reported working in a standing and sitting position, regarding pain suffering related to the profesional tasks , 74.3% said they suffered pain, while 25.7% their answer was negative. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the most affected body segments in professional dental work were the hands and the spine, highlighting the urgent need to implement mechanisms of organized physical work prescribed by specialists to solve problems of absence of contractile activity of the muscles lats due to the adoption of some risky positions for the spine related to professional tasks.