Influence of a physical preparation program on the improvement of the technical gesture in young swimmers
Keywords:
Swimming, physical conditioning, crawl stroke, biomechanics, explosive powerAbstract
This study analyzed the influence of a physical conditioning program on improving the freestyle technique of eight young swimmers (n=8; 11-12 years old) from the CROE Club during the 2025-2026 period. The research adopted a quantitative, explanatory approach with a pre-experimental design. The first assessment revealed deficiencies in core stability and explosive power, affecting alignment and aquatic propulsion. An eight-week intervention focused on core strength, upper body power, and joint mobility was implemented. The post-test results showed significant improvements in all variables. In the physical domain, core strength increased by 85% (p=0.012; Z=-2.521) and explosive power by 30.7% (p=0.012; Z=-2.521). Shoulder flexibility improved by 38.8% (p=0.011; Z=-2.527), reducing joint stiffness by an average of 7.15 cm. Regarding technique, body alignment improved by 50%, the push by 64%, and the recovery by 72%, changes confirmed by the Wilcoxon test (p<0.01). It is concluded that physical conditioning outside the water is a key catalyst for biomechanical optimization and performance in swimmers during formative stages, enabling more efficient movement patterns and a reduction in mechanical restrictions.
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