Terapia robótica en la rehabilitación de la extremidad superior: implicaciones médicas, científicas, sociales y económicas
Palabras clave:
extremidad superior; exoesqueleto; terapia robótica; fisioterapia, rehabilitación.Resumen
La aplicación de la terapia robótica con parámetros motrices controlados, condiciona variables biomecánicas y clínicas que permiten un mayor alcance en la rehabilitación de la extremidad superior. El objetivo. Analizar el estado actual del conocimiento sobre terapia robótica en la rehabilitación de la extremidad superior y sus implicaciones médicas, científicas, sociales y económicas. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de estudios clínicos aleatorizados y no aleatorizados, estudios piloto, tesis de terminación de estudios y libros de textos, revisiones y metaanálisis referidos a la rehabilitación robótica de la extremidad superior. La estrategia de búsqueda se desarrolló accediendo a bibliotecas de revistas médicas indexadas en las bases de datos PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Scielo y Lilacs, EmCare, Phisiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) mediante los motores de búsqueda de Scopus y del Science Citation Index o WoS y las herramientas Power Query y Scrapy Python; desde el año 2017 hasta el 2024, en idioma español e inglés. Se utilizaron y combinaron los términos: extremidad superior, exoesqueleto, terapia robótica, fisioterapia, rehabilitación. Para una búsqueda más precisa se activaron los filtros: tipo de trabajo (“article”), disciplina (“biomedic sciences” y “medicine”). Un total de 120 manuscritos cumplieron con esos criterios. Fueron elegibles 43, se descartaron estudios duplicados, reportes de casos. 60 no correspondían al tema. Se requieren estudios para continuar la validación de la terapia robótica e incrementar las evidencias que pongan de manifiesto la relevancia de sus potencialidades.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Marcia Sandra Hernández Zayas, Jorge Bonzon Regalado, Roberto Sagaró Zamora, Mauricio Torres Quesada
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Esta revista proporciona un acceso abierto inmediato a su contenido, basado en el principio de que ofrecer al público un acceso libre a las investigaciones ayuda a un mayor intercambio global de conocimiento.
Se aceptan además, trabajos de arbitraje abierto (pre-print), preferentemente desde Research Gate.
