Plyometric Exercise: Mechanism to Increase Explosive Strength in U-16 Soccer Players
Keywords:
Soccer, plyometric exercise, Under-16, explosive strength.Abstract
Explosive strength is a determining capacity in sport (including soccer), for which various strategies, methods and models have to be implemented for its development. Even when it comes to the application of specialized plyometric stimuli, the particularities of the age range to be trained must be kept in mind. The term is used by countless scientists and cited in various works on Sports
Training; however, it had not been proven to observe the behavior of this type of physical exercises in the case of adolescents under-16. In this sense, the purpose of the research is: to analyze the effects of the application of plyometric exercises for 12 weeks in soccer players of the sub-16 category. A descriptive/explanatory investigation of correlational order is established, with a pretest posttest design. The use of a non-probabilistic sampling for accessibility is used to consider the characteristics of the participants for the study. For this study, a plyometric exercise protocol was used based on 3 levels of work intensity: Low, Medium and High. Said work was mainly focused on gradually increasing the vertical jumping capacity of the participants, carefully. A plyometric training program was applied for 12 weeks to 23 U-16 soccer players, from which a significant improvement (p<0.05) was diagnosed for muscle strength in three tests performed. Plyometric training should include a variety of jumping and displacement exercises that exploit and potentiate eccentric-concentric muscle work, in search of a progressive increase in muscle power.
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